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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License
Article
LED Failure Modes Implications in Ex-e Applications
Author(s)
Roberto Sebastiano Faranda1, Lorenzo Farnè2 and Kim Fumagalli3
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DOI:10.17265/1934-8975/2015.11.007
Affiliation(s)
1. Department of Energy, Politecnico di Milano, Milan 20156, Italy
2. Department of Energy, Politecnico di Milano, Milan 20156, Italy
3. Nuova ASP, Via De Gasperi 26, Pantigliate (MI) 20090, Italy
ABSTRACT
Design reliable and safe LED (light emitting diode) lighting equipment
for potentially explosive atmospheres should require knowledge about the
possible failure modes of LED sources. Nowadays, LED technology potential is
not adequately considered by IECEx (International Electrotechnical Commission system
for certification to standards relating to equipment for use in explosive
atmospheres) yet. Standards only consider LEDs adequate for Zone 1 when
luminary is realized by the Ex-d protection strategy, or if a big limitation in
terms of power is guarantee, for Ex-i mode. In particular, Ex-d LED luminaries
are obtained by using heavy, thick and expensive flameproof enclosures,
entrusting safety only to the mechanical strength of the case. Luminous
efficiency’s also reduced since the glass used is very thick (10% reduction of
approximately every 10 mm of thickness of
the glass). The paper shows a study about different possible causes of LED
failure and their implication with explosive atmospheres, investigating whether
LED technology can be used safely with other safety strategy like Ex-e, which
can guarantee better performance and less cost.
KEYWORDS
Luminaries, power LED, failure modes, Ex, ATEX (ATmosphères ed EXplosibles), IECEx, luminous efficiency, thermal dissipation.
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