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Wastewater Treatment and Sludge Utilisation in Hungary
Ferenc Ligetvári, Ferenc Zsabokorszky, Károly Kovács and István Zsirai
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DOI:10.17265/2162-5263/2015.03.005
Hungary’s accession to the European Union in 2004 marked the start of a new era. The completion of legal harmonization brought in new emission standards and thresholds, and this was followed by EU-assisted projects to build and reconstruct wastewater treatment plants. The utilization of sludge after it leaves the wastewater treatment plant is now a solely private-sector operation. There are new political priorities: increasing state involvement, buying out of major—formerly privatized—service providers, reintegration of isolated service providers, legally-imposed reduction of public utility charges. As a result, a demand has arisen for a greater central, i.e. government role in sludge utilization.
European Union, legal harmonization, utilization, sludge, political priorities, public utility charges.