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Type A and B Personalities From a Psychological Perspective Among Medical Students
Abdul Rahman Alfulaij, and Faisal Abdullatif Alnasir
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DOI:10.17265/2159-5542/2014.07.004
University of Bahrain, Bahrain Arabian Gulf University, Bahrain
Introduction: Research in the last two decades has shown that people with Type A personality are astronomically competitive, self-critical of performances, endeavor for perfectionism in their vocations, and strive toward goals in their lives without feeling a sense of bliss. Type A individuals will eventually suffer from cardiovascular diseases and heart attacks at an earlier age compared with those with Type B personality who are more inclined to be genial, relaxed, and internally fixated on their feelings and emotions. The main objective of this study was to ascertain the prevalence of Type A/B personalities among a first-year students who opt to study medicine. Methods: Seventy-seven year one medical students registered in the Arabian Gulf University, Bahrain during the academic year 2013-2014 were randomly selected to be involved in this study. Students completed a pre-designed questionnaire that included measures for Type A and Type B behaviors by using JAS (the Jenkins Activity Survey). Results: The number of female and male students was 49 (63.6%) and 28 (36.4%) respectively. Their ages ranged between 17 and 20 years with a mean of 17.8 years. Six different Arab nationalities were represented. The study found that the students with Type A personality exceeded those with B (59 (76.6%) vs. 18 (23.4%)). No significant relationship was found between personality type and other demographic characteristics except for a mild significant relationship (p < 0.053) with sex with more females having Type A than males. Conclusion: The majority of the studied medical students are of Type A personality betokening that such future careers, such as medicine, require extensive commitment and are opted conventionally by students who have Type A personalities. It was also found that more females have Type A than B personality characteristics, a finding that is contrary to the prevalent understanding of the Arab-Islamic society in the context that Arab women are oppressed and less decisive about their future.
Type A/B personalities, masculine culture, medical students, JAS (the Jenkins Activity Survey), Arab-Islamic culture, traditions
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