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The Core Values of Harmonious Philosophy: Implications on International Ethics
ZHANG Lihua
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DOI:10.17265/2328-2134/2025.05.002
Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
This paper mainly explores the ideological roots of conflicts and wars in the international community. From a human-nature perspective, it analyzes how five negative aspects of human nature: greed, hatred, obsession, arrogance, and suspicion, influence the foreign policies and behaviors of state leaders, resulting in international conflicts and wars. It expounds on the fundamental connotations of the core values of traditional Chinese ideology of harmony: benevolence (ren), righteousness (yi), propriety (li), wisdom (zhi), and trustworthiness (xin). Furthermore, it examines their implications for contemporary international ethics. The paper further discusses new thoughts on promoting the good in human nature and mitigating its negative tendencies within international relations, with the aim of preventing global conflicts and wars.
harmonious philosophy, core values, international ethics, implications
ZHANG Lihua. (2025). The Core Values of Harmonious Philosophy: Implications on International Ethics. International Relations and Diplomacy, Sept.-Oct. 2025, Vol. 13, No. 5, 240-256.
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