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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License
Yoshiaki Kunied1, Akihiro Nunome1, Emi Kanayama1 and Naruphun Chotechaung2
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DOI:10.17265/1934-7359/2025.11.005
1. National Institute of Technology, Toyama College, Toyama 9398630, Japan
2. Faculty of International Maritime Studies, Kasetsart University, Chon Buri 20230, Thailand
We analyzed accident factors in a 2020 ship collision case that occurred off Kii Oshima Island using the SHELL model analysis and examined corresponding collision prevention measures. The SHELL model analysis is a framework for identifying accident factors related to human abilities and characteristics, hardware, software, and the environment. Beyond assessing the accident factors in each element, we also examined the interrelationship between humans and each element. This study highlights the importance of (1) training to enhance situational awareness, (2) improving decision-making skills, and (3) establishing structured decision-making procedures to prevent maritime collision accidents. Additionally, we considered safety measures through (4) hardware enhancements and (5) environmental measures. Furthermore, to prevent accidents, implementing measures grounded in (6) predictions is deemed effective. This study identified accident factors through prediction alongside the SHELL model analysis and proposed countermeasures based on the findings. By applying these predictions, more countermeasures can be derived, which, when combined strategically, can significantly aid in preventing maritime collision accidents.
Maritime collision accidents, SHELL model analysis, prediction, situational awareness, decision-making ability.
Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 19 (2025) 547-559
doi: 10.17265/1934-7359/2025.11.005
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