 |
[email protected] |
 |
3275638434 |
 |
 |
| Paper Publishing WeChat |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License
Solar Cooling Alternatives for Residential Houses
Meron Mulatu Mengistu
Full-Text PDF
XML 500 Views
DOI:10.17265/1934-7359/2024.07.006
Bahir Dar Institute of Technology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar 26, Ethiopia
The energy consumption rate of non-OECD (non-Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) countries rises about 2.3 percent per year as compared to the OECD countries which is 0.6 percent. If developing countries use energy efficient technology and integrate renewable energy systems in the new building their carbon dioxide emission rate reduces by 25 to 44 percent. However, even now, renewable energy integrated buildings are hardly considered while constructing them. This paper focuses on the study of solar cooling system options for residential house of Bahir Dar city, in Ethiopia. To meet the demand of housing in the city, different types of apartments and villa houses are under construction. For the analysis case study was made focusing on two types of residential houses, condominium apartment and Impact Real Estate Villa house. Simulation results of IDA ICE software show that the average operative temperatures and cooling loads for condominium apartment and Real-estate Vila are 31.8 °C and 30.7 °C, 5.53 kW and 5.73 kW respectively. Most of the residences are not satisfied at this operating temperature. There are different types of solar cooling systems. Solar sorption cooling systems are commonly used which can also be classified into absorption, adsorption and desiccant cooling systems. Solar adsorption cooling systems are easy to manufacture locally as compared to solar absorption cooling systems. They do not have moving parts. Some of the working medium pairs used in adsorption cooling system are: activated carbon/ammonia, silica gel/ water, zeolite/water. Adsorption chillier with silica gel/water as a working pair was selected since it can operate at regeneration/desorption temperature as low as 45 °C coming from flat plate collectors. At 75 °C regeneration temperature, the system delivers 9 °C chilled water temperature. From cooling load simulation result direct solar irradiation is the highest source of cooling load for both houses. This gives an opportunity for passive solar cooling technology.
Adsorption, cooling load, condominium, impact real-estate, IDA ICE.
Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 18 (2024) 348-362 doi: 10.17265/1934-7359/2024.07.006
[1] Flavin, C., and Hull Aeck, M. “Energy for Development.” Worldwatch Institute.
http://www.worldwatch.org/system/files/ren21-1.pdf.
[2] International Energy Outlook (IEO). 2009. http://www.eia.doe.gov/oiaf/ieo/pdf/0484%282009%29.pdf.
[3] Renewable Energy Development (DR). 2006. “Renewable Energy in Emerging and Developing Countries.” http://www.energyrecipes.org/reports/genericData/Africa/061129%20RECIPES%20country%20info%20Ethiopia.pdf.
[4] GASIMA. 2007. “Bahir Dar Sunrise, Sunset, Dawn and Dusk Times, Table.”
http://www.gaisma.com/en/location/bahir-dar.html.
[5] Wiel, S., Martin, N., Levine, M., Price, L., and Sathaye, J. 1998. “The Role of Building Energy Efficiency in Managing Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide.” Environmental Science and Policy 1 (1): 27-38.
[6] House Hold Energy Network (HEDON). 2007. “Ethiopia Country Profile.” http://www.hedon.info/Ethiopia.
[7] Kim, D. S., and Infante Ferreira, C. A. 2008. “Solar Refrigeration Options—State-of-the-Art Review.” International Journal of Refrigeration 31 (1): 3-15.
[8] Florides, G. A., Tassou, S. A., Kalogirou, S. A., and Worbel, L. C. 2002. “Review of Solar and Low Energy Cooling Technologies for Buildings.” Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews 6 (6): 557-72.
[9] Fan, Y., Luo, L., and Souyri, B. 2007. “Review of Solar Sorption Refrigeration Technologies: Development and Applications.” Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews 11 (8): 1758-75.
[10] Srikhirin, P., Aphornratana, S., and Chungpaibulpatana, S. 2001. “A review of Absorption Refrigeration Technologies.” Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews 5 (4): 343-72.
[11] Wang, R. Z., Ge, T. S., Chen, C. J., Ma, Q., and Xiong, Z. Q. 2009. “Solar Sorption Cooling System for Residential Applications: Options and Guidelines.” International Journal of Refrigeration 32 (4): 638-60.
[12] Henning, H. M. 2007. “Solar Assisted Air Conditioning of Buildings—An Overview.” Applied Thermal Engineering 27 (10): 1734-49.
[13] ESTIF. 2006. “Solar Assisted Cooling-State of the Art.” http://www.estif.org/fileadmin/estif/content/policies/
downloads/D23-solar-assisted-cooling.pdf.
[14] Choudhury, B., Chatterjee, P. K., and Sarkar, J. P. 2010. “Review Paper on Solar-Powered Air-Conditioning through Adsorption Route.” Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews 14 (8): 2189-95.
[15] Panaras, G., Mathioulakis, E., Belessiotis, V., and Kyriakis, N. 2010. “Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of the Performance of Desiccant Air-Conditioning System.” Renewable Energy 35 (7): 1368-75.
[16] Fong, K. F., Chow, T. T., Lee, C. K., Lin, Z., and Chan, L. S. 2010. “Comparative Study of Different Solar Cooling Systems for Buildings in Subtropical City.” Solar Energy 84 (2): 227-44.
[17] Drake, F., and Mulugetta, Y. 1996. “Assessment of Solar and Wind Energy Resources in Ethiopia. I. Solar Energy.” Solar Energy 57 (3): 205-17.
[18] Bekele, G., and Palm, B. 2009. “Feasibility Study for a Standalone Solar-Wind-Based Hybrid Energy System for Application in Ethiopia.” Applied Energy 87 (2): 487-95.
[19] McQuiston, F. C., Parker, J. D., and Spliter, J. D. 2005. Heating, Ventilating, and Air conditioning—Analysis and Design. Oklahoma: John Wiley and Sons.
[20] Pavlovas, V. 2004. “Demand Controlled Ventilation: A Case Study for Existing Swedish Multifamily Buildings.” Energy and Buildings 36: 1029-34.
[21] Meteotest, A., Remund, J., Kunz, S., Schilter, C., and Moller, S. 2010. “METEONORM Version 6.0: Handbook Part 1: Software.” http://www.meteonorm.com/media/pdf/mn6_installation_en.pdf.
[22] EQUA Simulation AB. 2009. “IDA Indoor Climate and Energy 4.0 Manual.” http://www.equa.se/deliv/ICE4eng.
pdf?lic=ICE40X:ED140.380.361.1.17.
[23] Hauser, G., Kempkes, C., and Olesen, B. W. 2000. “Computer Simulation of Hydraulic Heating/Cooling System with Embedded Pipes.” http://www.cibse.org/pdfs/Embedded%20Hydronic%20Pipe%20Sys.pdf.