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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License
Article
Reviving Direct Observation Methods for Physical Activity Behavior
Author(s)
Pedro Miguel Ribeiro da Silva1, Sérgio Hélder da Silva Soares Soares2, Jorge Augusto Pinto Silva Mota1, Paula Maria Marques Moura Gomes Viana2, 3, and Pedro Miguel Machado Soares Carvalho2, 3
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DOI:10.17265/2332-7839/2021.01.002
Affiliation(s)
1. CIAFEL, Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, Porto, 4200-450, Portugal
2. School of Engineering, Polytechnic of Porto, Porto, 4200-072, Portugal
3. INESC TEC, Porto, 4200-465, Portugal
ABSTRACT
Purpose: Current Direct Observation (DO) methods are burdensome to the observer and relevant limitations can be identified on the outcome information. This study aims to characterize DO from the observers’ point of view and to analyze the feasibility and usefulness of visual information in the form of video. Method: data collection was done with ten adult males, observed while performing different physical activities in an indoor court. Sessions were video recorded by two cameras. Three observers performed systematic observation, using SOPLAY, with different sampling rates. Inter observer’s agreement and with reference data was analyzed by Cohen’s Kappa statistic. Results: SOPLAY highest agreement between observers was 0.611 on vigorous category and walking category had the lowest 0.188. It doubles the time needed to annotate the video with pauses, but half of player’s behavior is preserved. Conclusion(s): using video to support DO permits to collect more accurate data and a more detailed behavior categorization is warranted. Developments in computer vision are expected to reduce the human efforts in DO methods.
KEYWORDS
Measuring physical behavior, systematic observation, movement intensity, video
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