Paper Status Tracking
Contact us
[email protected]
Click here to send a message to me 3275638434
Paper Publishing WeChat

Article
Affiliation(s)

Yu Liu, Ph.D., Graduate School of Economics, Kyushu University.

ABSTRACT

This study examines the impact of organizational culture on leadership behaviors, as well as the influence of leadership behaviors on employee attitude in Chinese small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Based on previous researches, this study establishes a conceptual model that indicates the two types of influential relationship. Data are collected from 515 subordinates of 23 SMEs in Chengdu of Sichuan province. By using statistical methods, findings of this study are concluded. Directions for future research are also discussed.

KEYWORDS

organizational culture, leadership behavior, employee attitude, SMEs

Cite this paper

References
Bass, B. M. (1985). Leadership and performance beyond expectations. New York: Free Press.
Bass, B. M., & Avolio, B. J. (1996). Manual for the multifactor leadership questionnaire. Palo Alto, C.A.: Mind Garden.
Bluedorn, A. C. (1982). A unified model of turnover from organizations. Human Relations, 35, 135-153.
Brockner, J., Grover, S., Reed, T., & Dewwitt, R. (1992). Layoffs, job insecurity, and survivors’ work effort: Evidence of an inverted-U relationship. Academy of Management Journal, 35, 413-425.
Broome, K. M., Knight, D. K., Edwards, J. R., & Flynn, P. M. (2009). Leadership, burnout, and job satisfaction in outpatient drug-free treatment programs. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 37, 160-170.
Burns, J. M. (1978). Leadership. New York: Harper & Row.
Cammann, C., Fichman, M., Jenkins, D., & Klesh, J. (1979). The Michigan organizational assessment questionnaire (unpublished manuscript). University of Michigan.
Cheng, B. S., Chou, L. F., & Farh, J. L. (2000). A triad model of paternalistic leadership: The constructs and measurement. Indigenous Psychological Research in Chinese Societies, 14, 3-64.
Denison, D. R., & Spreitzer, G. M. (1991). Organizational culture and organizational development: A competing values approach. Research in Organizational Change and Development, 5, 1-21.
Epitropaki, O., & Martin, R. (2005). The moderating role of individual differences in the relation between transformational/transactional leadership perceptions and organizational identification. Leadership Quarterly, 16, 569-589.
Farh, J. L., & Cheng, B. S. (2000). A cultural analysis of paternalistic leadership in Chinese organizations. In J. T. Li., A. S. Tsui, & E. Weldon (Eds.), Management and organizations in the Chinese context (pp. 84-127). London: Macmillan.
Farh, J. L., Cheng, B. S., Chou, L. F., & Chu, X. P. (2006). Authority and benevolence: Employees’ responses to paternalistic leadership in China. In A. S. Tsui, Y. Bian, & L. Cheng (Eds.), China’s domestic private firms: Multidisciplinary perspectives on management and performance (pp. 230-260). New York: Sharpe.
Kelloway, E. K., Gottlieb, B. H., & Barham, L. (1999). The source, nature, and direction of work and family conflict: A longitudinal investigation. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 4, 337-346.
Lau, C. M., & Ngo, H. Y. (1996). One country many cultures: Organizational cultures of firms of different country origins. International Business Review, 5, 469-486.
Liao, H., & Chuang, A. (2007). Transforming service employees and climate: A multilevel, multisource examination of transformational leadership in building long term service relationships. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92, 1006-1019.
MacIntosh, E. W., & Doherty, A. (2010). The influence of organizational culture on job satisfaction and intention to leave. Sport Management Review, 13, 106-117.
Martinez, P. G. (2003). Paternalism as a positive form of leader-subordinate exchange: Evidence from Mexico. Journal of Iberoamerican Academy of Management, 1, 227-242.
Mirkamali, S. M., Thani, F. N., & Alami, F. (2011). Examining the role of transformational leadership and job satisfaction in the organizational learning of an automotive manufacturing company. Social and Behavioral Sciences, 29, 139-148.
Mohr, L. A., & Bitner, M. J. (1995). The role of employee effort in satisfaction with service transactions. Journal of Business Research, 32, 239-252.
Nahum-Shani, I., & Somech, A. (2011). Leadership, OCB and individual differences: Idiocentrism and allocentrism as moderators of the relationship between transformational and transactional leadership and OCB. Leadership Quarterly, 22, 353-366.
National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) of China. (2010). China statistical yearbook. Beijing: State Statistics Bureau Press.
Pellegrini, E. K., & Scandura, T. A. (2006). Leader-member exchange (LMX), paternalism and delegation in the Turkish business culture: An empirical investigation. Journal of International Business Studies, 37(2), 264-279.
Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2012). Sources of method bias in social science research and recommendations on how to control it. Annual Review of Psychology, 63, 539-569.
Quinn, R. E., & Spreitzer, G. M. (1991). The psychometrics of the competing values culture instrument and an analysis of the impact of organizational culture on quality of life. In R. W. Woodman, & W. A. Pasmore (Eds.), Research in organizational change and development (pp. 115-142). Greenwich, C.T.: JAI Press.
Saufi, R. A., Wafa, S. A., & Hamzah, Y. Z. (2002). Leadership style preference of Malaysian managers. Malaysian Management Review, 37, 1-10.
Schein, E. H. (1992). Organizational culture and leadership: A dynamic view (2nd ed.). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Schwepker, C. H. (2001). Ethical climate’s relationship to job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and turnover intention in the salesforce. Journal of Business Research, 54, 39-52.
Song, H. Y., & Zhu, D. (2003). A study of the leaders’ traits influencing performance under different organizational culture. Journal of Xidian University, 13, 50-56.
Uhl-Bien, M., Tierney, P., Graen, G., & Wakabayashi, M. (1990). Company paternalism and the hidden investment process: Identification of the “right type” for line managers in leading Japanese organizations. Group and Organization Studies, 15, 414-430.
Weber, M. (1947). The theory of social and economic organization. New York: Free Press.
Westwood, R. (1997). Harmony and patriarchy: The cultural basis for “paternalistic headship” among the overseas Chinese. Organization Studies, 18, 445-480.
Wofford, J. C., & Goodwin, V. L. (1994). A cognitive interpretation of transactional and transformational leadership theories. Leadership Quarterly, 5, 161-186.

About | Terms & Conditions | Issue | Privacy | Contact us
Copyright © 2001 - David Publishing Company All rights reserved, www.davidpublisher.com
3 Germay Dr., Unit 4 #4651, Wilmington DE 19804; Tel: 001-302-3943358 Email: [email protected]