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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License
Article
Author(s)
Marcella Romeo
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DOI:10.17265/2159-5836/2013.06.002
Affiliation(s)
University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
ABSTRACT
The aim of this paper is the analysis of the supernatural elements in Kipling’s “The Mark on The Beast” (1890), Conan Doyle’s “Lot No. 249” (1892), and Wells’ “The Truth about Peycraft” (1903) conceived of as the expression of the revitalisation of the Gothic imagery which, through the short story, serve to voice and exorcise late Victorian crisis, de-Constructing late Victorian identity. First, the complex nature of late Victorian Britain crisis will be deepened. Second, the short story will be focused on as an independent genre from the novel which mostly epitomized Fin de Siècle literary fantastic discourse. Finally, the short stories will be investigated as textual examples of what Brantlinger (1988) defined as Imperial Gothic, instrumental in voicing and exorcising the pressures of late Victorian crisis.
KEYWORDS
supernatural elements, Gothic imagery, short story, late Victorian crisis
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References
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Zgorzelski, A. (1979). Is science fiction a genre of fantastic literature?. Science Fiction Studies, 6, 296-303.
Boehmer, E. (1995). Colonial and postcolonial literature. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Brantlinger, P. (1988). Rule of darkness: Imperialism and British literature, 1830-1914. London: Cornhill University Press.
Briefel, A. (2008). Hands of beauty, hands of horror: Fear and Egyptian art at the Fin de Siècle. Victorian Studies, 50, 263-271.
Conan Doyle, A. (1892). Lot No. 249. In R. Luckhurst (Ed.), Late Victorian Gothic tales (pp. 109-140). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Conan Doyle, A. (1894). Round the red lamp: Being facts and fancies of medical life. London: Methuen & Co., Print.
Daly, N. (1999). Modernism, romance, and the Fin de Siècle: Popular fiction and British culture, 1880–1914. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Darwin, C. (1871). Descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. London: John Murray.
Deikman, A. (1966). Deautomatization and the mystic experience. Psychiatry, 29, 324-338.
Fanon, F. (1990). The wretched of the earth. Harmondsworth: Penguin.
Garrett, K. P. (2003). Gothic reflections: Narrative force in nineteenth-century fiction. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
Gilbert, M. S., & Gubar, S. (2000). The madwoman in the attic: The woman writer and the nineteenth-century literary imagination. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Haining, P. (Ed.). (1987). The complete supernatural stories of Rudyard Kipling. London: W. H. Allen.
Hammond, J. (1992). H. G. Wells and the short story. London: St. Martin’s Press.
Hogle, E. J., & Smith, A. (2009). Revisiting the Gothic and theory: An introduction. Gothic Studies, 11, 1-8.
Hogle, J. E. (Ed.). (2006). The Cambridge companion to Gothic fiction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Hurley, K. (2006). British Gothic in fiction, 1885-1930. In J. E. Hogle (Ed.), The Cambridge companion to Gothic fiction (pp. 189-208). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Hyam, R. (1976). Britain’s imperial century, 1815-1914: A study of empire and expansion. London: B. T. Batsford.
Jones, A. M. (2011). Conservation of energy, individual agency, and Gothic terror in Richard Marsh’s The Beetle, or, What’s scarier than an ancient, evil, shape-shifting bug?. Victorian Literature and Culture, 39, 65-85.
Killen, J. (2009). History of the Gothic: Gothic literature 1825-1914. Cardiff: University of Wales Press.
Kipling, R. (1890). The mark on the beast. In R. Luckhurst (Ed.), Late Victorian Gothic tales (pp. 84-95). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Luckhurst, R. (Ed.). (2005). Late Victorian Gothic tales. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Marsh-Russell, P. (2009). The short story: An introduction. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
May, E. C. (1994). The nature of knowledge in short fiction. In M. E. Charles (Ed.), The new short story theories (pp. 131-147). Athens: Ohio University Press.
McClintock, A. (1995). Imperial leather: Race, gender and sexuality in the colonial context. London: Routledge.
Morton, A. L. (1945). A people’s history of England. London: Lawrence & Wishart.
Myers, G. (1989). Nineteenth century popularisations of thermodynamics and the rhetoric of social prophecy. In P. Brantlinger (Ed.), Energy and entropy: Science and culture in Victorian Britain (pp. 307-338). Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
Nordau, M. S. (1913). Degeneration. London: Heinemann.
Said, E. W. (1995). Orientalism. Harmondsworth: Penguin.
Showalter, E. (1995). Smoking room. TLS, 16, 12.
Smith, A. (2004). Victorian demons: Medicine, masculinity and the Gothic at the Fin-de-Siécle. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
Spencer, L. K. (1992). Purity and danger: Dracula, the urban Gothic, and the late Victorian degeneracy crisis. ELH, 59, 197-225.
Stott, R. (2002). Scaping the body: Of cannibal mothers and colonial landscapes. In A. Richardson & C. Willis (Eds.), The new woman in fiction and in fact: Fin-de-Siècle Feminisms (pp. 150-166). Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Stubbs, P. (1979). Women and fiction: Feminism and the novel, 1880-1920. Brighton: Harvester Press.
Todorov, T. (1975). The fantastic: A structural approach to a literary genre. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press.
Wallertsein, I. (1984). The politics of the world-economy: The states, the movements and the civilizations. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Wells, H. G. (1903). The truth about Pyecraft. In J. Hammond (Ed.), The complete short stories of H. G. Wells (pp. 447-455). London: J. M. Dent.
Winnicott, D. W. (1980). Playing and reality. Harmondsworth: Penguin.
Zgorzelski, A. (1979). Is science fiction a genre of fantastic literature?. Science Fiction Studies, 6, 296-303.