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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License
Article
Assessment of Seed-Borne Plant Pathogenic Fungi Associated with Rice Crop in South-Eastern Nigeria
Author(s)
Christian Chukwunenye, Iwuagwu1, Charles Ikechukwu, Umechuruba2, Charles Chimezie, Ononuju3 and Andrew Chukwuma Nwogbaga4
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DOI:10.17265/2161-6256/2018.02.003
Affiliation(s)
1. Department of Crop Science and Horticulture Nnamdi Azikiwe, University Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
2. Evangel University Ikpoto, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
3. Department of Plant Health Management, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria
4. Department of Crop Production and Land Scape Management, Ebonyi State University, Ebonyi, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
This study was conducted to assess the incidence of seed-borne fungi on rice
seeds sourced from the major rice growing areas of South-Eastern Nigeria. The
rice seeds were collected during the dry seasons between 2009 and 2010. Four
hundred rice seeds randomly collected and surface sterilized by washing in 3% sodium
hypochlorite and rinsed two times with sterile distilled water were placed in
three circular rings inside the Petri dishes. The incubation was done one after
the other for each variety from all the locations. Ten fungi species from eight
genera were isolated from the rice seeds in all the rice growing areas of South-Eastern Nigeria. The
fungi pathogens vary from one locality to another, as well as the frequency of occurrence. The pathogens isolated include: Fusarium moniliforme, F. solani, F. oxysporium, Aspergillus spp., Botridiploidia spp., Helminthosporium spp., Penicillium spp., Trichoconis padwickii, Curvularia oryzae and Phoma oryzae. Though, there was the presence of some
seed-borne fungi in the rice seeds from the areas studied, most of the cultivars
experienced up to 90% germination. But
some cultivars had very low germination. IR 1416 from Arochukwu and GB90 from Arondiuzogu had less than 1%
germination. This study shows that seed-borne
organisms are major constraint in rice production in the South-Eastern states of
Nigeria as a result of low seed germination stemmed from infestation of fungi
organisms in the seeds.
KEYWORDS
Mycoflora, rice seeds, germination, South-Eastern states.
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