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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License
Article
Moroccan Taxi Drivers Sleepiness Using Epworth Scale: A Cross-sectional Survey
Author(s)
Nadia Benaicha1, Adil Najdi2, Abdessalam Diarra1, Oussmane Désiré Diakite1, Oussamne Sy1 and Mohamed Amine Berraho1
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DOI:10.17265/2328-7136/2017.03.005
Affiliation(s)
1. Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, University sidi Mohamed Benabdellah, Fez, Morocco
2. Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, University Abdelmalek Essaadi, Tangier, Morocco
ABSTRACT
Many international studies found
that fatigue can be a probable major cause of truck driver accidents. The primary goal of the current
study was to assess the relation between sleep disorders and accidents by using
Epworth sleepiness scale. In this cross-sectional study,
300 urban and rural taxi drivers from Fez, Morocco were enrolled from January to
May 2013. All participants were male and their mean age was 42.51 ± 10.81 (range
18-74) years. Their experience in driving was 8.34 ± 3.56 years on average; which
had no significant relationship with their crash history and was not found a confounding
factor in this series. The mean duration of sleep was 6.78 ± 1.47 h per day. The
mean rate of accident was 2.78 ± 1.12 per year. The mean Epworth index was 13.23
± 5.59. The simple linear regression showed a significant correlation between the
Epworth sleepiness scale and education (P = 0.030), age (P = 0.017), marital status (P = 0.011), coffee consumption
(P = 0.006), and water pipe (chicha) use (P = 0.01), but there was no significant
correlation with history of crash in past years. The multivariate analysis (multiple
linear regressions) found a significant association between Epworth scale and age
(P = 0.024), coffee consumption
(P = 0.023) and water pipe use (P = 0.027). In Morocco where road accidents are very frequent and number
of serious injuries and death is very high. This is considered as one of the major
public health problems and hence public health officials, legislators and the police
should collaborate in multidisciplinary approach to have effective preventives measures. This study can be the start of many debates about the most efficient preventive
measure to ameliorate professional drivers’ work condition and to reduce road accident and hence save thousands of lives
from the “traffic war” in Morocco.
KEYWORDS
Fatigue, Epworth scale, taxi drivers, Morocco.
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