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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License
Article
Study of the Action Mode of Wickerhamomyces anomalus against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
Author(s)
Luis Fernando Zepeda-Giraud, Dario Rafael Olicón-Hernandez, Cinthya Martínez-López and Guadalupe Guerra-Sánchez
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DOI:10.17265/2161-6264/2016.05.008
Affiliation(s)
Laboratorio de Bioquímica y Biotecnología de Hongos, Bioquímica Microbiana, Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N. Col. Casco de Santo Tomás, Ciudad de México CDMX, CP 11340, México
ABSTRACT
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is the causal agent
of anthracnose disease in fruits and vegetables, representing a global problem. The use of biocontrol agents has proved
effective against fungal diseases in a wide variety of products. In this work,
the antifungal activity of Wickerhamomyces anomalus against C. gloeosporioides isolated from
contaminated avocados was evaluated. The antagonism and volatile compound
inhibition were measured on Petri
dishes. In the mixed cultures, the mycelia damage was
observed by scanning electron
microscope (SEM). Chitinase and
glucanase production by the antagonism was quantified by the reducing sugars
method, and biofilm formation was evaluated with 1% crystal violet. The yeast W. anomalus could reduce the growth of C. gloeosporioides up to 65% by direct
antagonism and 10% by volatile compounds. The antagonist did not allow the conidia
germination and mycelia growth in any of the tested formulations. SEM showed
mycelial damage caused by W. anomalus.
The antagonist showed adhesion to the
mycelium by a polysaccharide biofilm. The presence of mycelium stimulated the
hydrolytic enzyme production with the maximal activity of 21.4 U/mg for chitinases at
24 h and 10 U/mg for glucanases at 60 h. These results showed that W. anomalus used together different
mechanisms to express its antifungal activity against C. gloeosporioides. This study might be the first report for this phytopathogen isolated
from avocado fruits, which could represent an opportunity to establish
biocontrol of diseases for this agricultural product.
KEYWORDS
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Wickerhamomyces anomalus, biocontrol, avocado.
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