Paper Status Tracking
Contact us
customer@davidpublishing.com
Click here to send a message to me 3275638434
Paper Publishing WeChat

Article
Affiliation(s)

Bus Association Victoria Inc., Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia;

ABSTRACT

Research on the social value of the bus industry in Australia revealed an inconsistency in findings between qualitative and quantitative results in relation to the nature of a bus operator’s interaction with the community where they provide a transport service. As part of a larger research project that surveyed bus operators about their corporate social responsibility, bivariate analysis found that the responses to the embedded Sense of Community Index (SOCI) did not provide a predictor of the extent of a bus operator’s community interaction or determinant of Corporate Responsibility (CR). However, qualitative comments in the survey suggested that bus operators did display strong positive feelings about their community. Published after the data collection stage was completed, the Sense of Community Responsibility Index (SOCRI) appeared to be a better fit than SOCI to explain the nature of bus operator’s interaction with their community. Rather than drawing on community resources, the interaction was shown to be one of leaderships on the part of the operator. Further examination of this relationship using the SOCR would test this finding.

KEYWORDS

Corporate responsibility, sense of community, sense of community responsibility, leadership, bus operators, family business

Cite this paper

Sociology Study, October 2016, Vol. 6, No. 10, 653-662

References

Bayoud, N. S., M. Kavanagh, and G. Slaughter. 2012. “Factors Influencing Levels of Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure by Libyan Firms: A Mixed Study.” International Journal of Economics and Finance 4(4):13-29.

Brenner, S. H. and P. Cochran. 1991. “The Stakeholder Theory of the Firm: Implications for Business and Society Theory and Research.” Pp. 449-467 in Proceedings of the Second Annual Meeting of the International Association for Business and Society, edited by J. F. Mahon. New York, USA: Garland Publishing.

Bus Industry Confederation (BIC). 2014. Bus Industry Vital Statistics. Retrieved August 5 (http://ozebus.com.au/infor mation-for-moving-people/bus-industry-vital-statistics).

Carroll, A. 1991. “The Pyramid of Corporate Social Responsibility: Toward the Moral Management of Organisational Stakeholders.” Business Horizons 34(4):39-48.

——. 1999. “Corporate Social Responsibility: Evolution of a Definitional Construct.” Business and Society 38(3):268-295.

Carroll, A., K. Lipartito, J. Post, P. Werhane, and K. Goodpaster. 2012. Corporate Responsibility. The American Experience. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.

Cennamo, C., P. Berrone, C. Cruz, and L. Gomez-Mejia. 2012. “Socioemotional Wealth and Proactive Stakeholder Engagement: Why Family-Controlled Firms Care More About Their Stakeholders.” Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 36(6):1153-1173.

Chavis, D. M., J. H. Hogge, and D. W. McMillan. 1986. “Sense of Community Through Brunswick’s Lens: A First Look.” Journal of Community Psychology 14:24-40.

Clarkson, M. B. E. 1995. “A Stakeholder Framework for Analysing and Evaluating Corporate Social Performance.” Academy of Management Review 20(1):92-117.

Cochrane, P. and R. Wood. 1984. “Corporate Social Responsibility and Financial Performance.” Academy of Management Journal 2(13):479-486.

Collins, D. 1988. “Adam Smith’s Social Contract: The Proper Role of Individual Liberty and Government Intervention in 18th Century Society.” Business and Professional Ethics Journal 7(3/4):119-146.

Collins, D. and S. L. Wartick. 1995. “Business and Society/Business Ethics Courses: Twenty Years at the Crossroads.” Business and Society 34(1):51-89.

Cowen, S., L. Ferrerri, and L. Parker. 1987. “The Impact of Corporate Characteristics on Social Responsibility Disclosure: A Typology and Frequency-Based    Analysis.” Accounting Organisations and Society 12(2):111-122.

Dahlsrud, A. 2008. “How Corporate Social Responsibility Is Defined: An Analysis of 37 Definitions.” Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management 15(1):1-13.

Davidson, W. B. and P. R. Cotter. 1991. “The Relationship Between Sense of Community and Subjective Well-Being: A First Look.” Journal of Community Psychology 19(3):246-253.

Donaldson, T. and L. E. Preston. 1995. “The Stakeholder Theory of the Corporation: Concepts, Evidence, Implications.” Academy of Management Review 20(1):65-91.

Donaldson, T. and T. W. Dunfee. 1994. “Towards a Unified Conception of Business Ethics: Integrative Social Contract Theory.” Academy of Management Review 19(2):252-284.

Family Business Australia. 2013. Family Businesses in Australia—Different and Significant: Why They Shouldn’t Be Overlooked. Canberra, ACT: Parliamentary Joint Committee on Corporations and Financial Services, Senate Printing Unit, Parliament House.

Freeman, R. E. 1984. Strategic Management: A Stakeholder Approach. Boston, MA: Pitman.

Grace, M., H. Pretty, C. Conroy, J. Dugay, K. Fowler, and D. Williams. 1996. “Sense of Community and Its Relevance to Adolescents of All Ages.” Journal of Community Psychology 24(4):365-379.

Gusfield, J. R. 1975. Community: A Critical Response. New York, NY: Harper Colophon.

Jensen, T. and J. Sandstrom. 2011. “Stakeholder Theory and Globalisation: The Challenges of Power and Responsibility.” Organisation Studies 32(4):473-488.

Lee, K.-H., D. Herold, and A.-L. Yu. 2016. “Small and Medium Enterprises and Corporate Social Responsibility Practice: A Swedish Perspective.” Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management 23(2):88-99.

Lowe, C. 2016. The Social Externalities of Australian Bus and Coach Operators: How Governance Affects Community Prosperity. Retrieved August 4, 2016 (http://search.lib. monash.edu/primo_library/libweb/action/dlSearch.do?vid=MON&mode=Basic&institution=MUA&search_scope=au_everything&tab=default_tab&query=any,contains,social%20externalities%20bus%20and%20coach).

McMillan, D. W. and D. M. Chavis. 1986. “Sense of Community: A Definition and Theory.” Journal of Community Psychology 14:6-23.

Neubaum, D. O., C. Dibrell, and J. Craig. 2012. “Balancing Natural Environmental Concerns of Internal and External Stakeholders in Family and Non-family Businesses.” Journal of Family Business Strategy 31(1):28-37.

Newbrough, J. R. and D. M. Chavis. 1986. “Psychological Sense of Community: Foreword.” Journal of Community Psychology 14(1):3-5.

Nowell, B. and N. M. Boyd. 2014. “Sense of Community Responsibility in Community Collaboratives: Advancing a Theory of Community as Resource and Responsibility.” Am J Community Psychol 54(3-4):229-242.

Putnam, R. 1995. “Bowling Alone: America’s Declining Social Capital.” Journal of Democracy 6(1):65-78.

Riger, S. and P. Lavrakas. 1981. “Community Ties Patterns of Attachment and Social Interaction in Urban Neighbourhoods.” American Journal of Community Psychology 9(1):55-66.

Sarason, S. B. 1974. The Psychological Sense of Community: Prospects for a Community Psychology. Cambridge, MA: Brookline Books.

Sorenson, R., K. Goodpaster, P. R. Hedberg, and A. Yu. 2009. “The Family Point of View, Family Social Capital, and Firm Performance. An Exploratory Test.” Family Business Review 22(3):239-253.

Stanley, J. 2010. “Is Delivering Effective Transport in Rural Areas Possible?” Presentation for Shire of Golden Planes, Victoria, Australia, June (unpublished).

Wright, K. M., H. M. Foran, and M. Wood. 2014. “Community Needs Among Service Members After Return From Combat Deployment.” Journal of Community Psychology 42(2):127-142.

About | Terms & Conditions | Issue | Privacy | Contact us
Copyright © 2001 - David Publishing Company All rights reserved, www.davidpublisher.com
3 Germay Dr., Unit 4 #4651, Wilmington DE 19804; Tel: 001-302-3943358 Email: order@davidpublishing.com