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Level of Independence in Georgia Throughout the 14th Century
Giuli Alasania
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DOI:10.17265/2159-5836/2016.08.012
The University of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia
In 1329-1334, George the Brilliant took advantage of the situation created in the Ilkhanate, eliminated his political opponents and restored the territorial integrity of Georgia. He created a solid legal basis for the country and regulated the ecclesiastic area. He was in West Georgia in 1329-1332/1333. The Ilkhanid coin was not minted in Georgia during that period; yet, soon the king of Georgia, which had already been united by that time, restored relations with Ilkhanids and returned to Tbilisi, which implied making the already united Georgia subject to Mongols. Ilkhanid coins and later, coins of Chobanids, the Golden Horde and Jalayirids circulated during the reign of George the Brıllıant. In 1338-1339 George the Brilliant conquered Ossetia and Ilkhanid coins were disseminated on the territory of the Golden Horde after that. Formally, Georgia remained under the control of Ilkhanids, which was replaced by Chobanids in 1338 and the governors of the Golden Horde in 757/1356; and in parallel and afterwards by Jalayirids, which is evidenced by written sources as well as numismatic data; Despite formal dependence on the foreign power, which is evidenced by the deployment of 10,000 troops at the border of Georgia as well, the country enjoyed a rather wide internal autonomy. Participation of George the Brilliant in sending envoys for the purpose of the redemption of the Jvari (Cross) Monastery in Palestine in 1316/7, 1320 cannot be assumed. It seems that in those years envoys were sent by Constantine, the king of West Georgia. All the above do not diminish the merits of George V to the Georgian nation and his historic role in terms of the political unification of the country, the creation of a legal basis for it and the regulation of ecclesiastic affairs—the accomplishments of the king, who deservedly bears the name “the Brilliant”.
George the Brilliant, Mongols, the Ilkhanate, Georgia
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