Affiliation(s)
1. Plant Pathology Division, Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Lalitpur 44700, Nepal
2. CIMMYT, Global Wheat Program, Apdo Postal 6-641, Mexico 06600, DF, Mexico
3. Agriculture Botany Division, Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Lalitpur 44700, Nepal
4. ICARDA, Central Asia and the Caucasus Regional Program, Tashkent 10000, Uzbekistan
5. CIMMYT South Asia Regional Office, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal
ABSTRACT
Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) is an important disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in Nepal, which is a part of the Himalayas
stretching over the North of Nepal,
India, Pakistan, Bhutan and beyond. Wheat production plays a crucial role in food
security of the marginal hill farmers of Nepal. Frequent epidemics of the rust
have caused huge loss in farmer’s field. Periodic monitoring during 1980-2008
showed that changes in virulence occurred during this period. The objective of
this study was to evaluate Pst resistance and its effective genes in wheat genotypes. For this, trap nurseries, wheat stripe rust
differentials, commercial cultivars and advanced breeding lines were tested
under artificial epiphytotic and natural hot spots conditions during 2005 to
2010. Four genes (Yr5, Yr10, Yr15 and YrSp) consistently showed resistance to the prevailing races. The
gene Yr9 and Yr27 in
combinations with Yr18 were found effective.
Other lines with combination of minor genes were also found effective. The
genotypes Amadina, Kukuna, Tukuru, Kakatsi and Buck Buck widely used in
breeding program were resistant. The cultivation of varieties WK1204, Gautam, Gaura and
Dhaulagiri have ensured genetic diversity for the rust resistance and slowed down
frequent occurrence of epidemics. The findings of these studies could help in
developing effective varietal resistance program in the sub-continent.
KEYWORDS
Puccinia striiformis, resistance,
virulence, stripe rust, Triticum aestivum,
wheat.
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