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Effect of an Acute Exercise Session on Body Composition Using Multi-Frequency Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis in Adults



Author(s)

Kyle L. Romanowski, Andrea J. Fradkin, Curt B. Dixon and Joseph L. Andreacci

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DOI:10.17265/2332-7839/2015.04.003

The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effect of an acute bout of aerobic exercise (AE) and resistance exercise (RE) on body composition measured by multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (MBIA) in adults. Ninety-five recreationally active young adults (46 women and 49 men) reported for testing on three occasions. After an initial MBIA assessment, subjects performed 45 minutes of continuous AE, RE, or did nothing, which served as the control (CON). During the AE trial, subjects performed an acute bout of treadmill exercise at 60%-75% of their age predicted maximal heart rate (APHR_max). The RE trial consisted of an 8-exercise circuit consisting of; 3 sets of 10-12 repetitions at 65%-75% of their one-repetition max (1RM) for each exercise. During the CON trial, subjects sat quietly in the laboratory. Body composition was reassessed immediately following the exercise bouts for comparison. Mean percent body fat (%BF) decreased following the exercise bouts (AE = 0.7%, RE = 1.6%; P < 0.001) likely due to significant (P < 0.001) reductions in impedance (AE: 40Ω, 32Ω, and 29Ω; RE: 45Ω, 29Ω, and 28Ω) measured at 5, 50 and 500 kHz. Conversely, significant increases in %BF (0.7%, P < 0.05), body mass (0.2 kg, P < 0.001), and impedance at 5 and 50 kHz (15Ω and 16Ω; P <0.001) were observed following the CON trial. These findings support that MBIA assessments should be performed prior to exercise in order to prevent exercise-induced reductions in %BF values. 

BIA, bioimpedance, percent body fat, body mass.