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Cytotoxic Effects of Aqueous, Methanolic and Secondary Metabolites Extracts of Capparis Spinosa Fruit on Tumor Cell Lines In Vitro



Author(s)

Asaad Abdulwahed B. Al-Asady, Khesar H. K. and Saadi S. M. Barwari

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DOI:10.17265/1548-6648/2012.03.002

The present study aims to prepare two types of extracts; ( methanolic and aqueous) crude extracts and (polyphenol and rutin) secondary metabolite extracts of immature fruit of Capparis spinosa to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of all these prepared extracts on Human larynx carcinoma (Hep-2) and Human cervix adenocarcinoma (HeLa) tumor cell lines in vitro. The data of immature fruit extracts in present study was compared with that obtained by the same investigators in previous study for mature fruit extract to evaluate which one is more effective against the proliferation of tested tumor cell lines. The results of present study showed that the yield of extraction % of methanol and aqueous crude extracts; 16.1% and 15%, respectively, whereas that of polyphenol and rutin secondary metabolite extracts were 12.7% and 12.1%, respectively. The results revealed that the more effective extracts against the proliferation of Hep-2 tumor cell line was aqueous extract after 24 hrs treatment. After 48 hrs treatment each of methanol, aqueous, and rutin was more effective than polyphenol extract. Methanol and rutin extracts were more effective after 48 hrs than 24 hrs treatment. All types of immature fruit extracts had CC50 values on Hep-2 cell line > 10000 μg/ml for both periods of exposure. The result revealed that the effect of both methanol and rutin on proliferation of HeLa cell line after 24 hrs treatment was more than that of aqueous and polyphenol extracts. After 48 hrs treatment the activity of methanolic extract and aqueous against the proliferation of HeLa cell line more than that of polyphenol and rutin, the values of CC50 on HeLa cell line treated with methanol extract after 48 hrs was 9700 μg/ml. Aqueous extract was more effective after 48 hrs than 24 hrs. The present study shows that HeLa tumor cell line was more effective than Hep-2 tumor cell line. There were some notable cytotoxic activities of mature fruit extract of C. spinosa against the tumor cell lines than for that of immature fruit extract as compare with the previous study that done by the same investigators.

Cytotoxicity, crude extracts, capparis spinosa, fruit, tumor cell lines.