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Article
Alternative Methods for Preparation of Gluconate Salts Using Heterogeneous Non-Metal Catalysts
Author(s)
Alexandra Costa1, Catarina Lourenço1, Isabel Marrucho2 and Luis C. Branco1
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DOI:10.17265/2161-6221/2013.06.009
Affiliation(s)
1. Departamento de Química, REQUIMTE, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal. 2. Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, ITQB, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República Estação Agronómica Nacional Oeiras 2780-157, Portugal
ABSTRACT
Gluconate salts can be prepared using alternative non-metal catalysts based on methylene blue dye salt derivatives. Novel Methylene blue (MB) salts based on trifluoromethanesulfonate (TfO) and docusate (AOT) anions have been prepared and characterized by spectroscopic techniques, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and UV-Visible spectra) in order to proof their chemical structure stability as well as final purity. [MB][TfO] showed a similar behavior of commercial available [MB]Cl as homogenous catalyst for preparation of sodium gluconate. Contrarily, [MB][AOT] as non-toxic, lower melting point and water-immiscible dye salt has been used as efficient and recycled heterogeneous catalyst for preparation of sodium gluconate in shorter reaction time, higher yields and purity grade. This alternative method can be extended to other relevant gluconate salts such as calcium, barium, magnesium, potassium, lithium and several transition metals.
KEYWORDS
Gluconate salts, methylene blue, docusate, heterogeneous catalyst, redox system.
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