An Appraisal of Multiple Channels of Complex Interdependency: The Case of Nepal

This article is a representative vision of reality. The main thrust of the present study is to analyze the realist view of international cooperation, identify the liberalist view of international cooperation, explore the multiple channels of the theory of complex interdependence, and assess state and non-state cooperation in the case of the 2015 earthquake in Nepal. This study is a descriptive and analytical research based on secondary data of a qualitative nature. All the relevant information was thematically analyzed. From the foregoing analysis, it could be deduced that multiple channels of theory of complex interdependence are neither an utter relegation of the realist assumption nor a total supportive theory of the liberalist school. It is important to note that neither inter-state nor non-state cooperation is less important to each other; rather, there is coexistence among different actors in the international system, and that coexistence diminishes the dividing line between interstate cooperation and non-state cooperation. While the fundamental role of the state is to provide security and create an enabling environment for cooperation among these actors, the non-state actors seem to be more effective in economic, social welfare, and environmental issues; hence, both of them function as integral parts of the international system. So cooperation among these actors will ensure a healthy system. It is advisable that further studies on international cooperation be focused on the strength of the mutuality that exists among the different participants (including the state and non-state actors) in the international system.