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State, Communal, and Individual Identities in Iran
Mehran Kamrava
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DOI:10.17265/2328-2134/2024.01.001
Georgetown University in Qatar, Doha, Qatar
Cultural identity in Iran is comprised of four primary elements, each of which have proven to be highly resonant in the country political history. The vexing issue of modernity, and where individuals and collectivities are placed in relation to it, has been one of the most prominent of these elements of Iranian identity. A second constitutive factor has been the role of the state as a deliberate crafter of cultural, in turn directly influencing the salience, interpretation, extent, and direction of modernity, or its antithesis, in Iran. Equally defining has been the role and significance of religion, which has emerged as a marker of individual and collective, as well as political, identities. Nationalism, and its compelling impulse across Iranian society especially from the early 1900s and continuing until today, has also emerged as an integral and inseparable feature of Iranian identity. Together, these four elements―modernity, a culturally intrusive state, religion and religiosity, and nationalism―constitute fluid yet constant, sometimes complementary and sometimes competing, dimensions of Iranian identity.
Iranian identity, nationalism, religiosity, modernity, social change
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