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Article
Effect of Freshwater Forcing on the Biogeochemistry of the Bay of Bengal
Author(s)
Saswati Deb1, Arun Chakraborty2, and Bhaskar Das3
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DOI:10.17265/2159-5879/2021.01.001
Affiliation(s)
1. Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Gulf Fisheries Centre, New Brunswick, Canada
2. Centre for Oceans, Rivers, Atmosphere and Land Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
3. Département d'informatique, Université de Moncton, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
ABSTRACT
We developed a coupled 3-D physical-biogeochemical model for the Bay of Bengal (BoB) to simulate the seasonal variation of plankton dynamics to freshwater forcing using Regional Ocean Modeling System. Satellite-derived chlorophyll concentrations are assimilated using the OA method and SOR algorithm for the model input. To better understand the response of plankton dynamics to freshwater forcing two numerical experiments are conducted: 1) model run with freshwater discharges and applied physical-biogeochemical properties as Exp1; 2) model run without freshwater discharge but applying same physical-biogeochemical properties as Exp2. Intensification of bloom is marked on the western coast of the BoB during August-September due to increased nutrient supply from runoff apart from wind-driven upwelling, whereas in the eastern coast, two peaks of plankton biomass are observed in March followed by September. However, seasonal offshore plankton biomasses observed in the open and southern part of the BoB are potentially to linked with upwelling, entrainment-detrainment events and advection processes. Sensitivity experiments are also performed based on Exp1, by doubling the freshwater discharge in Exp1-FDD, which increased the bloom biomass by 60-65 percent; halved in Exp1-FDH reduced the bloom biomass by 25-15 percent signifies that the freshwater plays a dominant role along the coast but nonlinearly related to plankton dynamics.
KEYWORDS
Coupled physical-biogeochemical model, freshwater discharge, chlorophyll concentration, BoB, plankton dynamics.
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