Paper Status Tracking
Contact us
[email protected]
Click here to send a message to me 3275638434
Paper Publishing WeChat

Article
Affiliation(s)

Agriculture Research and Development Station Șimnic-Craiova, ȘoseauBălcești, No. 54, Dolj, Romania

ABSTRACT

In the present study authors present some aspects regarding udder health as well as the udder teat morphometry. The udder health was defined on the basis of somatic cell count (SCC) in milk. The morphometry parameters included: distance from rear teat-tip to the floor, distance from fore teat-tip to the floor, udder depth, udder length, udder width, udder volume, fore teat length, rear teat length, fore teat diameter, and rear teat diameter. The present investigation involved 92 Holstein Friesian cows, from an experimental herd. Considering particular structural elements of a cow udder, three location groups were distinguished: 1st, 2nd, and 3rd (L1, L2 and L3 respectively). From the study result, primiparous cows (L1 group) were characterized by a relatively low SCC in milk, as compared to multiparous cows (L2 group or L3 group). The cows in the 3rd lactation in relation to the first lactation cows, head SCC increased over 3 times, which indicates the increase of the chance of the cows to be susceptible to intramammary infections. All data showed a gradual increase in depth length, width and volume of the udder as the number of parity increases. The differences observed in udder morphometry in different parities were found significant (p < 0.05) to highly significant (p < 0.01). The values of the coefficients of correlation for the analyzed udder and teat conformation traits and SCC in milk, were statistically varied and ranged from -0.32 to +0.28. Accordingly, the udder and teat morphometry characteristics such as distance from rear are fore teat-tip to the floor, udder depth, volume, teat diameter, can be said to have some degree of association with the udder health in Holstein Friesian cows evaluated in this study. Hence their inclusion in breeding program as indicator traits may help reduce the incidence of intramammary infections.

KEYWORDS

 Somatic cell, udder, milk.

Cite this paper

Constantin, G., and Mihaela, R. 2021. "Somatic Cell Count in Relation to Udder and Morphometry in Holstein Friesian Dairy Cows." Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology A 11: 47-52.

References

[1]       Crystal, M. A., Seikora, A. J., Hausen, L. B., Freeman, A. E., Kelley, D. H., and Healey, M. H. 2001. Heritability pf Teat-End Shape and the Relationship of Teat-End with Somatic Cell Score for an Experimental Herd of Cows. Journal of Dairy Science 84: 2549-54.

[2]       Coban, O., Sabuncuoglu, N., and Tuzemen, N. 2009. A Study on Relationships between Somatic Cell Count (SCC) and Some Udder Traits in Dairy Cows. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advanced 8: 135-8.

[3]       Samore, A. B., Rizzi, R., Rossoni, A., and Bagnato, A. 2010. Genetic Parameters for Functional Longevity, Type Traits, Somatic Cell Scores, Milk Flow and Production in the Italian Brown Swiss. Ital. J. Anim. Sci. 9: 145-51.

[4]       Kuczaj, M. 2003. “Analysis of Changes in Madder Size of High-Yielding Cows in Subsequent Lactations with regard to Mastitis.” Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities 6 (1).

[5]       Lopez-Benavides, M. G., Wiliamson, J. H., Cursons, R. T., Lacy-Hubert, S. H., and Woolford, M. W. 2005. Streptococcus uberis Population Dynamics in the New Zealand Pastoral Dairy Farm. In Proceeding of the 4th IDF International Mastitis Conference, edited by Hogeveen, H. Mastricht: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 649-55.

[6]       Bardakcioglu, H. E. S., Sekkin, H. D., and Oral-Toplu. 2011. Relationship between Some Teat and Body Measurements of Holstein Cows and Subclinical Mastitis and Milk Yield. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances 10: 1735-7.

[7]       Heringstad, B., Klemetsdal, G., and Ruane, J. 2000. Selection for Mastitis Resistance in Dairy Cattle: A Review with Focus on the Situation in Nordic Countries. Livest. Prod. Sci. 64: 95-106.

[8]       de Haas, Y., Ouweltjes, W., Naple, J. T., Windig, J. J., and de Jong, G. 2008. Alternative Somatic Cell Count Traits as Mastitis Indicators for Genetic Selection. J. Dairy Sci. 91: 2501-11.

[9]       Bloemhof, S., de Jong, G., and de Haas, Y. 2009. Genetic Parameters for Clinical Mastitis in the First Three Lactations of Dutch Holstein Cattle. Vet. Microbial. 134: 165-71.

[10]    Winding, J. J., Ouweltjes, W., Ten Naple, J., de Jong, G., Veerkamp, R. F., and de Haas, Y. 2010. Combining Somatic Cell Count Traits for Optimal Selection against Mastitis. J. Dairy Sci. 93: 1690-701.

[11]    Koeck, A., Miglior, F., Kelton, D. F., and Schenkel, F. S. 2012. Alternative Somatic Cell Count Traits to Improve Mastitis Resistance in Canadian Holsteins. J. Dairy Sci. 95: 432-9.

[12]    Ptak, E., Jagusiak, W., Zarnecki, A., and Otwinowska-Mindur, A. 2011. Heritabilities and Genetic Correlations of Locational and Daily Somatic Cell Score with Conformation Traits in Polish Holstein a Cattle Czech. J. Anim. Sci. 56: 205-12.

[13]    Dadpasand, M., Zamiri, M. J., Atashi, H., and Akhlaghi, A. 2012. Genetic Relationship of Confirmation Traits with Average Somatic Cell Score at 150 and 305 Days in Milk in Holstein Cows of Iran. J. Dairy Sci. 95: 7340-5.

[14]    De Haas, Y., Janss, L. L. G., and Kadarmideen, H. N. 2007. Genetic and Phenotypic Parameters for Conformation and Yield Traits in Three Swiss Dairy Cattle Breeds. J. Anim. Breed. Genet. 124: 12-9.

[15]    Rupp, R., and Boichard, D. 1999. Genetic Parameters for Clinical Mastitis Somatic Cell Score, Production Udder Type Traits, and Milking Ease in First Lactation. J. Dairy Sci. 82: 2198-204.

[16]    Samore, A. B., and Groen, A. F. 2006. Proposal of an Udder Health Genetic Index for the Italian Holstein Friesian Based on First Lactation Data. Ital. J. Anim. Sci. 5: 359-70.

[17]    Ptak, E., Jagusiak, W., Zarnecki, A., and Otwinowska-Mindur, A. 2009. Relationship between Somatic Cell Score and Udder Conformation Traits in Polish Holstein-Friesian Cows. Ann. Anim. Sci. 9: 237-41.

[18]    Haile-Mariam, M., Bowman, P. J., and Goddard, M. E. 2001. Genetic and Environmental Correlations between Test-Day Somatic Cell Count and Milk Yield Traits. Lives. Prod. Sci. 73: 1-13.

[19]    Fadlelmoula, A. A., Anacker, G., Fahr, R. D., and Swalve, H. 2008. Factors Affecting Test-Day Somatic Cell Counts and Milk Yield of Dairy Cows. Int. J. Dairy Sci. 3 (2): 105-11.

[20]    Sebastino, K. B., Uribe, H., and Gonzalez, H. H. 2020. Effect of Test Year, Parity Number and Days in Milk Somatic Cell Count in Dairy Cows of Los Rios Region   in Chile. Austral Journal of Veterinary Sciences 52 (1): 1-7.

[21]    Patel, Y. G., Trivedi, M. M., Rajpura, R. M., Savaliya, F. P., and Parmar, M. 2016. Udder and Teat Measurements and Their Relation with Milk Production in Crossbred Cows. International Journal of Science. Environment and Technology 5 (5): 3048-54.

[22]    Avarvarei, B. V. 2007. Researches regarding the Development and Shape of Romanian Black Spotted (BNR) Cows’ Udder Exploited in the Conditions of SCDA Podu-Iloaie, Iași County.Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Animal Science and Biotechnologies 64: 9-12.

[23]    Singh, R. S., Bausal, B. K., and Gupta, D. K. 2013. Udder Health in Relation to Udder and Teat Morphometry in Holstein Friesian × Sahiwal Crossbred Dairy Cows. Trop. Anim. Health Prod. 46 (1): 93-8.

[24]    Klaas, I. C., Envoldsen, C., Vaarst, M., and Houe, H. 2004. Systematic Clinical Examinations for Identification of Latent Udder Health Types in Danish Dairy Herds. J. Dairy Sci. 87: 1217-28.

[25]    Bhutto, A. L., Murray, R. D., and Woldehiwet, Z. 2010. Udder Shape and Teat-End Lesions as Potential Risk Factors for High Somatic Cell Counts and Intramammary Infections in Dairy Cows. Veterinary Journal 183: 63-7.

Mein, G. A., Reinemann, D. J., Shuring, N., and Ohnstad, I. 2004. “Milking Machines and Mastitis Risk. A Storm in a Teat-Cup.” In Proceeding of the 43rd Annual Meeting of the National Mastitis Council, USA.


About | Terms & Conditions | Issue | Privacy | Contact us
Copyright © 2001 - David Publishing Company All rights reserved, www.davidpublisher.com
3 Germay Dr., Unit 4 #4651, Wilmington DE 19804; Tel: 1-323-984-7526; Email: [email protected]