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Aesthetical Meanings of the Central Notion Ti Ren in Cultivation Theory of Neo-Confucianism
LIU Si-yu
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DOI:10.17265/2159-5836/2021.01.011
Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
Ti Ren 體認 is a commonly used and very important notion in traditional Chinese philosophy and intellectual history, nevertheless with its connotation unclear in the ancients’ discourses. This text tries to analyze the method and process of this notion via the perspective of Neo-Confucianism in Song Dynasty. The basic hypothesis of this research is that Ti Ren is the basis of the cultivation theory that helps confucians improve their moral integrity. Under such assumption, this text proposes the core connotation of Ti Ren in Neo-Confucianism lies in personal grasp of the heavenly principle. Based on this, from Zhou Dunyi to Shao Yong, Zhang Zai and the Cheng brothers, this kind of grasp gradually developed into a clear clue from appreciation of objects to that of inner mind, and then epitomized by Zhu Xi. Zhu Xi’s Ti Ren consists of two approaches, extroversive and introversive, and built a way of self-cultivating to be the saint from methods like investigation of things and reading books to the realization of grasping saints’ minds. The end of the road is the aesthetic world of eagles soaring in the sky and fishes diving in water, the great pleasure, and on passage, it is overflowing with both physical and spiritual feelings, so that we know Ti Ren possesses aesthetic meanings. Further, based on the differentiation and analysis of the connotation of this concept, this text preliminarily compares Zhu Xi’s Ti Ren with Gadamer’s “Erlebnis”, promoting the possibility of dialogue between east and west philosophy.
Neo-Confucianism, Zhu Xi 朱熹, Ti Ren 體認
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