 |
[email protected] |
 |
3275638434 |
 |
 |
| Paper Publishing WeChat |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License
Competition and Political Factors in the Russian Media Market During Putin’s Fourth President Term
LI Xuan
Full-Text PDF
XML 499 Views
DOI:10.17265/2159-5836/2020.11.017
School of Foreign Studies, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
The frequency of Russian media usage has been declining since 2018, but television is still the most popular medium in Russia. The rise of digital radio and television represents a mixed picture, in part because of political pressures, but the digital transition between federal and regional media is not synchronized; on the other hand, the Russian print media market has suffered from poor returns and high costs since 2012. Insufficient facilities with poor quality and lack of advertisement revenues have made it difficult for print media to survive. The government has provided financial subsidies for media, but it will still support economic independence of media. The government has strictly regulated foreign investments after 2014, which ensure the concentration of media ownership but reduced the media market’s competitiveness. Now the Russian government is adjusting policies, seeking ways to balance media market competition and retaining political control of media.
media market competition, political control of media, Russia
Experts discussed the situation and future of print media, Retrieved Dec. 1, 2020, from https://rg.ru/2019/11/18/eksperty-otrasli-obsudili-nastoiashchee-i-budushchee-pechatnyh-smi.html
Federalnoe Agentstvo po Pechatii Massovym Kommunikatsiiam. (2016). Rossiiskaiaperiodicheskaiapechat. Sostoianie, tendentsiiiperspektivyrazvitiia. Otraslevoidoklad [Russian periodical press. Situation, tendencies and perspectives for development. Presentation of the field.]. Moscow: FederalnoeAgentstvo po PechatiiMassovymKommunikatsiiam.
Federalnoe Agentstvo po Pechatii Massovym Kommunikatsiiam. (2017a). Rossiiskiiintepnet. Sostoianie, tendentsiiiperspektivyrazvitiia. Otraslevoidoklad [Russian internet. Situation, tendencies and perspectives for development. Presentation of the field.]. Moscow: FederalnoeAgentstvo po PechatiiMassovymKommunikatsiiam.
Federalnoe Agentstvo po Pechatii Massovym Kommunikatsiiam. (2017b). Rossiiskaiaperiodicheskaiapechat. Sostoianie, tendentsiiiperspektivyrazvitiia. Otraslevoidoklad [Russian periodical press. Situation, tendencies and perspectives for development. Presentation of the field.]. Moscow: FederalnoeAgentstvo po PechatiiMassovymKommunikatsiiam.
Federalnoe Agentstvo po Pechatii Massovym Kommunikatsiiam. (2018a). Rossiiskaiaperiodicheskaiapechat. Sostoianie, tendentsiiiperspektivyrazvitiia. Otraslevoidoklad [Russian periodical press. Situation, tendencies and perspectives for development. Presentation of the field.]. Moscow: FederalnoeAgentstvo po PechatiiMassovymKommunikatsiiam.
Federalnoe Agentstvo po Pechatii Massovym Kommunikatsiiam. (2018b). Rossiiskoetelevidenie. Sostoianie, tendentsiiiperspektivyrazvitiia. Otraslevoidoklad [Russian television. Situation, tendencies and perspectives for development. Presentation of the field.]. Moscow: FederalnoeAgentstvo po PechatiiMassovymKommunikatsiiam.
FOM. (2019a, Jan 31). Doverierossiiskim SMI [Trust to Russian mass media.]. Retrieved from https://fom.ru/SMI-i-internet/14170.
Gehlbach, S. (2010). Reflections on Putin and the Media. Post-Soviet Affairs, 26(1), 77-87.
Hoffman, D. E. (2002). The oligarchs: Wealth and power in the new Russia. Oxford, Public Affairs.
Hrvatin, S. B., Kučid, L. J. et al. (2004). Media ownership: Impact on media independence and pluralism in Slovenia and other post-socialist European countries. Ljubljana, Peace Institute.
Kiriya, I., & Degtereva, E. (2010). Russian TV market: Between state supervision, commercial logic and simulacrum of public service. Central European Journal of Communication, 3(1-4), 16.
Lehtisaari, K. (2015). The new rules for the advertising market in Russian TV. Aleksanteri Insight, (2), 1-2.
Nielsen, R. K. (2012). Ten years that shook the media world: Big questions and big trends in international media developments. Oxford: The Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism.
Oates, S. (2006). Television, democracy and elections in Russia. London, Routledge.
Strukov, V., & Zvereva, V. (Eds.). (2014). Ottsentralnogo k tsifrovomu: Televidenie v Rossii [From centralised to digital: Television in Russia.]. Voronezh: VoronezhkiiGosudarstvennyiPedagogicheskiiUniversitet.
Surkov, V. I. (2009). Nationalization of the Future: Paragraphs pro Sovereign Democracy. Russian studies in Philosophy 47(4), 13.
Vartanova, E. (2012). The Russian media model in the context of post-Soviet dynamics. In D. C. Hallin & P. Mancini (Eds.), Comparing media systems beyond the Western world. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Zassoursky, I. (2009). Free to get rich and foul around. In B. Beumers, S. C. Hutchings and N. Rulyova (Eds.), The post-soviet Russian media: Conflicting signals. New York, Routlegde.