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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License
Article
Author(s)
Huy Van Nguyen1, 2 and Morihiro Maeda1
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DOI:10.17265/2161-6256/2015.12.013
Affiliation(s)
1. Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-Naka, Kita-Ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
2. Faculty of Fisheries, College of Agriculture and Forestry, Hue University, 102 Phung Hung Street, Hue City, Vietnam
ABSTRACT
Understanding the sources
and sinks of nutrients is of significant importance for better management of
pond water quality and the environmental impact of aquaculture. The objective
of the present study was to estimate the nutrient mass balances of four
intensive shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)
ponds in Tam Giang Lagoon, Central Vietnam, using a sludge management regime.
The nutrient budgets were calculated based on the sources and sinks of
nutrients in the ponds over a period of 49 d. The input sources of N and P were
mainly shrimp feed, which accounted for more than 90%. Shrimp harvesting was
the largest sink of N (37.5%), but not of P (18.3%). Almost 30.4% N and 16.9% P of input were not accounted
for the measured losses. While the smallest
proportion of N (18.9%) was retained in sludge, the largest amount of P was
accumulated in sludge (53.2%). The farm was operated without water exchange, so
ponds gained only 1.9% N and 4.2% P from water intake. The pond lost about 13.2% N and 11.6% P
from discharge water. Production of 1
kg shrimp needed 84.9 g N and 26.1 g P from total input
sources and discharged 47.3 g N and 16.0 g P to the environment. Environmental
losses of nutrients were lower or intermediate, when the loads were expressed in both kg/ha/cycle and kg of N or P per ton of shrimp
produced. Furthermore, the environmental impacts of aquaculture are controlled from the
system.
KEYWORDS
Shrimp pond, L. vannamei, nutrient mass balances, N, P.
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