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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License
Efficacy of Neuropsychological Rehabilitation Applied for Patients With Bipolar Disorder
Fabricia Quintão Loschiavo-Alvares, Fernando Silva Neves
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DOI:10.17265/2159-5542/2014.10.003
Nexus Neuropsychology Clinic, Minas Gerais, Brazil Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
Objective: The aim of the present study was to assess the efficacy of neuropsychological rehabilitation on executive functions, quality of life, and coping strategies in a sample of euthymic patients with BD (bipolar disorder) type I and type II. Method: It was a quasi experimental and longitudinal study which enrolled 50 outpatients with DSM-IV BD. NR (neuropsychological rehabilitation) plus pharmacotherapy group (NRG = 20) was compared with pharmacotherapy-control group (CG = 30) over 14 weeks. The NR protocol was divided into three modules. The first was directed toward mood monitoring, the following focused on executive functions, and the third addressed attention and memory rehabilitation. As outcome measures, it was used an ecological questionnaire of executive functions, DEX-R, quality of life indicators provided by Whoqol-Bref and coping through Ways of Coping Scale. It was also assessed clinical variables, such as frequence of manic, hypomanic and depression episodes. Results: Mixed-design ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) demonstrated significant improvements in all measures applied from baseline to endpoint as well as after the conclusion of NR protocol (six months) in NRG, suggesting an interaction between treatment and time. The reliable change index in NRG ranged from 45% to 90% for all outcome measures. Cohen’s d for the differences between the mean scores of pre- and post-treatment for the two groups revealed very robust effect size for the NRG (d > 0.80). Conclusions: The results showed greater improvements for the NRG, highlighting the efficacy of neuropsychological rehabilitation and its superiority as well, when it was compared with treatment as usual, which was pharmacotherapy only.
neuropsychological rehabilitation, cognitive rehabilitation, cognition, BD (bipolar disorder), dex, coping, quality of life
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