![]() |
[email protected] |
![]() |
3275638434 |
![]() |
![]() |
Paper Publishing WeChat |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License
Can Closeness Established Experimentally Impact Friendship Development and Homesickness?
Christopher Russo, Robin Valeri
Full-Text PDF
XML 2639 Views
DOI:10.17265/2159-5542/2015.06.001
St. Bonaventure University, St. Bonaventure, NY, USA
Using A. Aron, E. N. Aron, Bator, Melinat, and Vallone’s (1997) manipulation of interpersonal closeness, the present research examined the impact of experimentally induced closeness (high vs. low) between two unacquainted college classmates (n = 32) on feelings of closeness and homesickness both immediately following the manipulation and approximately one month later. Participants in the high (vs. low) closeness condition reported feeling significantly closer to their partner immediately following the manipulation. However, among high closeness participants, feelings of closeness declined significantly over the month so that, at the one month follow-up, the high and low closeness groups did not differ from one another. The two groups did not differ in homesickness initially or at the one month follow-up. Homesickness declined significantly over the month.
interpersonal closeness, friendship,
homesickness, college
Christopher Russo, & Robin Valeri. (2015). Can Closeness Established Experimentally Impact Friendship Development and Homesickness? Psychology Research, 5(6), 347-354.
Archer, J., Ireland, J., Amos, S. L., Broad, H., & Currid, L. (1998). Derivation of a homesickness scale. British Journal of Psychology, 89, 205-221. DOI: 10.1111/j.2044-8295.1998.tb02681.x
Aron, A., Aron, E. N., Bator, R. J., Melinat, E., & Vallone, R. D. (1997). The experimental generation of interpersonal closeness: A procedure and some preliminary findings. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 23, 363-377. DOI: 10.1177/0146167297234003
Aron, A., Aron, E. N., & Smollan, D. (1992). Inclusion of other in the self scale and the structure of interpersonal closeness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63, 596-612. DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.63.4.596
Bornstein, R. F. (1989). Exposure and affect: Overview and meta-analysis of research, 1968-1987. Psychological Bulletin, 106, 265-289. DOI: 10.1037/0033-2909.106.2.265
Brewin, C. R., Furnham, A., & Howes, M. (1989). Demographic and psychological determinants of homesickness and confiding among students. British Journal of Psychology, 80, 467-477.
Budny, D. D., & Paul, C. A. (2003). Working with students and parents to improve the Freshman retention. Journal of STEM Education, 4/3&4, 1-9.
Byrne, D. (1961). The influence of propinquity and opportunities for interaction on classroom relationships. Human Relations, 14, 63-69. DOI: 10.1177/001872676101400106
Eurelings-Bontekoe, E. H. M., Brouwers, E. P. M., & Verschuur, M. J. (2000). Homesickness among foreign employees of a multinational high-tech company in The Netherlands. Environment and Behavior, 32, 443-456. DOI: 10.1177/00139160021972612
Eurelings-Bontekoe, E. H. M., Vingerhoets, A. J. J. M., & Fontijn, T. (1994). Personality and behavioral antecedents of homesickness. Personality and Individual Differences, 16, 229-235. DOI: 10.1016/0191-8869(94)90161-9
Festinger, L., Schacter, S., & Back, K. W. (1950). Social pressures in informal groups. New York: Harper & Row.
Fisher, S., & Hood, B. (1987). The stress of the transition to university: A longitudinal study of psychological disturbance, absent-mindedness and vulnerability to homesickness. British Journal of Psychology, 78, 425-441.
Fisher, S., Murray, K., & Frazer, N. (1985). Homesickness, health and efficiency in first year students. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 5, 181-195. DOI: 10.1016/S0272-4944(85)80016-5
Hirsch, B. J. (1980). Natural support systems and coping with major life changes. American Journal of Community Psychology, 8, 159-172. DOI: 10.1007/BF00912658
Kulik, J. A., & Mahler, H. I. M. (1989). Stress and affiliation in a hospital setting: Preoperative roommate preferences. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 15, 183-193. DOI: 10.1177/0146167289152005
Kulik, J. A., Moore, P. J., & Mahler, H. I. M. (1993). Stress and affiliation: Hospital roommate effects on preoperative anxiety and social interaction. Health Psychology, 12, 118-124. DOI: 10.1037/0278-6133.12.2.118
Larson, J. H., & Bell, N. J. (1988). Need for privacy and its effect upon interpersonal attraction and interaction. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 6, 1-10.
Moreland, R., & Beach, S. R. (1992). Exposure effects in the classroom: The development of affinity among students. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 28, 255-276. DOI: 10.1016/0022-1031(92)90055-O
Morris, W. N., Worchel, S., Bois, J. L., Pearson, J. A., Rountree, C. A., Samaha, G. M., Wachtler, J., & Wright, S. I. (1976). Collective coping with stress: Group reactions to fear, anxiety, and ambiguity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 33, 674-679.
Paul, E. L., & Brier, S. (2001). Friendsickness in the transition to college: Precollege predictors and college adjustment correlates. Journal of Counseling and Development, 79, 77-89.
Paul, E. L., & Kelleher, M. (1995). Precollege concerns about losing and making friends in college: Implications for friendship satisfaction and self-esteem during the college transition. Journal of College Student Development, 36, 513-521.
Paul, E. L., Poole, A., & Jakubowyc, N. (1998). Intimacy development and romantic status: Implications for adjustment to the college transition. Journal of College Student Development, 39, 75-86.
Paul, E. L., & White, K. M. (1990). The development of intimate relationships in late adolescence. Adolescence, 25, 375-397.
Pittman, L. D., & Richmond, A. (2008). University belonging, friendship quality, and psychological adjustment during the transition to college. Journal of Experimental Education, 76, 343-361. DOI: 10.3200/JEXE.76.4.343-362
Priest, R. T., & Sawyer, J. (1967). Proximity and peership: Bases of balance in interpersonal attraction. American Journal of Sociology, 72, 633-649. DOI: 10.1086/224400
National
Center for Higher Education Management Systems. (Fall, 2010). Retention rates—First-time college Freshmen
returning their second year. Four-year
total—2010. Retrieve on May 20, 2015 from http://www.higheredinfo.org/dbrowser/index.php?
submeasure=223&year=2010&level=&mode=policy&state=0
Schachter, S. (1959). The psychology of affiliation. Stanford, C.A.: Stanford University Press.
Schutte, J., & Light, J. (1978). The relative importance of proximity and status for friendship choices in social hierarchies. Social Psychology, 41, 260-264.
Thurber, C. A. (1999). The phenomenology of homesickness in boys. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 27, 125-139. DOI: 10.1023/A:1021911514768
Thurber, C. A., & Walton, E. A. (2012). Homesickness and adjustment in university students. Journal of American College Health 60, 415-419. DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2012.673520.
US Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), Spring 2014, Graduation Rates component Table 326.10. (2014). Digest of Education Statistics retrieved on June 8, 2015 from https://nces.ed.gov/programs/coe/indicator_cva.asp
Zajonc, R. B. (1968). The attitudinal effects of mere exposure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 9(Monograph Suppl. No. 2, Pt. 2), 1-27. DOI: 10.1037/h0025848